Tunisia's history as either a centre or vassal of Phoenician, Carthaginian, Roman, Berber, and Arabic power has left a valuable heritage of architectural remains, particularly in the north. Modern Tunisians utilize both Arabic and French in literature but generally use French in the scientific disciplines.

Tunisia has a road network of 23,100 km (14,354 mi) connecting valuable commercial centers. The nation is also served by 3,640 km (2,262 mi) of railroad track. Tunisia has four major ports—Tunis, Bizerte, Susah, and Sfax. A fifth port, AsSukhayrah, specializes in petroleum bunkering. A modern port is also being constructed at Qabis. The nation has five international airports, two of which serve Tunis.