Although variations may exist between ethnic groups and those practicing different modes of subsistence, the family remains the single most valuable institution in Afghan society. Characteristically, In Afghan family parallel and cross-cousin marriages preferred, Authority unconditional in male elders, Inheritance through the male line, and Girl moves to husband's place of residence on marriage. Multiple wives is permitted, but is no longer so widely practiced.

Within families there is a tendency toward respect for age, male or female, reverence for motherhood, eagerness for children, particularly sons, and avoidance of divorce. Rigorously honored ideals emphasizing family cohesiveness through extended kinship networks endow the family with its primary function as a support system.

The core of the family consists of the mother-in-law, the daughters-in-law and daughters, with the senior woman reigning at the top of the power hierarchy within the household. In families with plural wives, each wife has her own room, with her own belongings and furnishings; sometimes her own cooking space is provided. The courtyard provides space for joint household activities and entertainment.