The contradictions created by Lesotho's political freedom and economic dependence are reflected in the cultural life of the nation. contempt the nation's increasing urbanization and the growth of modern institutions and bureaucracy, the overall objective of the Sotho is to build the rural homestead and perpetuate orthodox institutions. The people remain loyal to the system of chieftaincy, although this orthodox level of leadership has been discredited by the international community. Institutions such as the initiation schools, which perpetuate orthodox values, are still remarkable but are changing in structure and declining in importance.

Sporting activities are extremely popular, even given the low income level of the nation. Football (soccer) is the most widely played sport in Lesotho, but because many of its best players go to South Africa for economic gain, Lesotho does not excel in international competition. Judo, boxing, and long-distance running are also popular, the first two benefiting from training facilities provided by the police force. Horse racing is an athletic competition valuable to rural social life.