The population of Equatorial Guinea (2001 estimate) is 486,060, with many thousands more believed to be living abroad due to political conditions in the nation. The overall population density is 17 persons per sq km (45 per sq mi). The population is composed almost entirely of black Africans. The Fang, indigenous to the mainland but now also living on Bioko Island, constitute more than 80 % of the population. The Bubis, indigenous to Bioko Island, make up about 15 % of the population. Several smaller ethnic groups live along the mainland coast.